\newcommand{\tabchalmass}[2]{
\begin{table}[ht]
\caption{#1}
\label{#2}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|ll|}
\hline 
Matière & $c$ \\
%\hline
& \joule\per\kilogram\celsius \\
\hline
\hline
Alcool & $2,46\cdot 10^3$\\
%\hline 
Eau & $4,18\cdot 10^3$\\
%\hline
Glace & $2,06\cdot 10^3$\\
%\hline 
Glycérine & $2,4\cdot 10^3$\\
%\hline 
Mercure & $0,14\cdot 10^3$\\ 
\hline 
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
}

\newcommand{\tabchallat}[1]{
\begin{table}[ht]
\caption{Chaleur latente}
\label{#1}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|lll|}
\hline 
Matière & $L_{fusion}$ & $L_{vaporisation}$ \\
& \joule\per\kilogram & \joule\per\kilogram \\
\hline
\hline
Eau & $3,3\cdot 10^5$ & $23\cdot 10^5$\\
Mercure & $0,11\cdot 10^5$ & $3\cdot 10^5$\\
Oxygène & $0,14\cdot 10^5$ & $2,13\cdot 10^5$\\
\hline 
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
}