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index a29031a..6f24995 100644
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index c11fc70..0d43f9a 100644
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diff --git a/Annexe-UnitesInternationales/Annexe-UnitesInternationales.aux b/Annexe-UnitesInternationales/Annexe-UnitesInternationales.aux
index a583580..6771053 100644
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diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOS.pdf b/CoursMecaniqueOS.pdf
index b08160c..97269b4 100644
Binary files a/CoursMecaniqueOS.pdf and b/CoursMecaniqueOS.pdf differ
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.gnuplot b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.gnuplot
index d10c9e6..9b01446 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.gnuplot
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.gnuplot
@@ -1,25 +1,35 @@
 set terminal latex rotate
 set output 'CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.tex'
 # domaine de définition
-        set xrange [36:48]
-        set yrange [0:140]
+        #set xrange [0:1E11]
+        #set yrange [-1E40:1E40]
+        set xrange [0:5]
+        set yrange [-1E46:1E45]
         # flèches
-        set arrow 1 from 39.7,120 to 39.7,0 head filled
+        #set arrow 1 from 39.7,120 to 39.7,0 head filled
         #size screen 0.5,30
-        set label "Écart type" at 39.4,100 rotate by 90
-        set arrow 2 from 44.1,120 to 44.1,0 head filled
-        set label "Écart type" at 44.4,138 rotate by -90
-        set arrow 3 from 41.9,120 to 41.9,0 head filled
-        set label "Moyenne" at 42.2,80 rotate by -90
+        #set label "Écart type" at 39.4,100 rotate by 90
+        #set arrow 2 from 44.1,120 to 44.1,0 head filled
+        #set label "Écart type" at 44.4,138 rotate by -90
+        #set arrow 3 from 41.9,120 to 41.9,0 head filled
+        #set label "Moyenne" at 42.2,80 rotate by -90
         #set grid
         #set title "Baguettes d'une année"
         # suppression de la légende
-        set key off
+        #set key off
+        set key right bottom
         # légendes des axes
-        set xlabel "Longueur des baguettes (en cm)"
-        set ylabel "Nombre de baguettes" rotate by 90
+        set xlabel "Distance (m)"
+        #set ylabel "Gravitation" rotate by 90
         # largeur des colonnes (boxes)
         #set boxwidth 0.1
-
+        #set arrow from graph 1,0 to graph 1.05,0 size screen 0.025,15,60 filled ls 11
+#set arrow from graph 0,1 to graph 0,1.05 size screen 0.025,15,60 filled ls 11
+set xzeroaxis
+G=6.67E-11
+M=1.99E30
+m=5.97E24
+F(x)=-G*M*m/x**2
+E(x)=-G*M*m/x
         # tracé du graphe
-        plot "Annexe-Incertitudes/Images/baguettesgauss.dat" with boxes
+        plot E(x) title "Énergie potentielle (J)", F(x) title "Force de gravitation (N)"
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.tex b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.tex
index f7e1dee..b718be3 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.tex
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig1.tex
@@ -4,101 +4,240 @@
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+\put(1285.51,790.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1306.26,790.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1327.02,790.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1347.77,790.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1368.53,790.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1389.25,791.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1410.00,791.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1430.76,791.00){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(1439,791){\usebox{\plotpoint}}
+\put(190.0,131.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{0.400pt}{175.375pt}}
+\put(190.0,131.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{300.884pt}{0.400pt}}
 \put(1439.0,131.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{0.400pt}{175.375pt}}
-\put(151.0,859.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{310.279pt}{0.400pt}}
+\put(190.0,859.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{300.884pt}{0.400pt}}
 \end{picture}
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig2.gnuplot b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig2.gnuplot
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19f5959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig2.gnuplot
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+set terminal latex rotate
+set output 'CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig2.tex'
+# domaine de définition
+        set xrange [36:48]
+        set yrange [0:140]
+        # flèches
+        set arrow 1 from 39.7,120 to 39.7,0 head filled
+        #size screen 0.5,30
+        set label "Écart type" at 39.4,100 rotate by 90
+        set arrow 2 from 44.1,120 to 44.1,0 head filled
+        set label "Écart type" at 44.4,138 rotate by -90
+        set arrow 3 from 41.9,120 to 41.9,0 head filled
+        set label "Moyenne" at 42.2,80 rotate by -90
+        #set grid
+        #set title "Baguettes d'une année"
+        # suppression de la légende
+        set key off
+        # légendes des axes
+        set xlabel "Longueur des baguettes (en cm)"
+        set ylabel "Nombre de baguettes" rotate by 90
+        # largeur des colonnes (boxes)
+        #set boxwidth 0.1
+
+        # tracé du graphe
+        plot "Annexe-Incertitudes/Images/baguettesgauss.dat" with boxes
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig2.tex b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7e1dee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF-gnuplottex-fig2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+% GNUPLOT: LaTeX picture
+\setlength{\unitlength}{0.240900pt}
+\ifx\plotpoint\undefined\newsavebox{\plotpoint}\fi
+\sbox{\plotpoint}{\rule[-0.200pt]{0.400pt}{0.400pt}}%
+\begin{picture}(1500,900)(0,0)
+\sbox{\plotpoint}{\rule[-0.200pt]{0.400pt}{0.400pt}}%
+\put(151.0,131.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{4.818pt}{0.400pt}}
+\put(131,131){\makebox(0,0)[r]{$0$}}
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+\put(1224.0,839.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{0.400pt}{4.818pt}}
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+\put(1439,90){\makebox(0,0){$48$}}
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+\put(1439.0,131.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{0.400pt}{175.375pt}}
+\put(151.0,859.0){\rule[-0.200pt]{310.279pt}{0.400pt}}
+\put(516,651){\rotatebox{90}{\makebox(0,0)[l]{Écart type}}
+}\put(1053,849){\rotatebox{-90}{\makebox(0,0)[l]{Écart type}}
+}\put(816,547){\rotatebox{-90}{\makebox(0,0)[l]{Moyenne}}
+}\put(548,755){\vector(0,-1){624}}
+\put(1020,755){\vector(0,-1){624}}
+\put(784,755){\vector(0,-1){624}}
+\put(30,495){\rotatebox{90}{\makebox(0,0){Nombre de baguettes}}
+}\put(795,29){\makebox(0,0){Longueur des baguettes (en cm)}}
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+\end{picture}
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.aux b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.aux
index 396e75b..3ec7d96 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.aux
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.aux
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 \@input{QtiteMvt/QtiteMvt.aux}
 \@input{Energie/Energie.aux}
 \@input{EnergieOS/EnergieOS.aux}
+\@input{PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.aux}
 \@input{Thermodynamique/Thermodynamique.aux}
 \@input{ThermodynamiqueOS/ThermodynamiqueOS.aux}
 \@input{Annexe-UnitesInternationales/Annexe-UnitesInternationales.aux}
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.dvi b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.dvi
index dc2de17..8dc1ca3 100644
Binary files a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.dvi and b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.dvi differ
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.idx b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.idx
index 4c67937..7598dc9 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.idx
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.idx
@@ -809,402 +809,404 @@
 \indexentry{travail@travail}{125}
 \indexentry{conservative@conservative}{125}
 \indexentry{force@force!conservative}{125}
-\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie}{127}
-\indexentry{temperature@temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{127}
-\indexentry{chaleur}{127}
-\indexentry{Celsius}{127}
-\indexentry{degre@degr\IeC {\'e}!centigrade}{127}
-\indexentry{degre@degr\IeC {\'e}!Celsius}{127}
-\indexentry{Fahrenheit}{127}
-\indexentry{degre@degr\IeC {\'e}!Fahrenheit}{127}
-\indexentry{fusion}{127}
-\indexentry{vaporisation}{127}
-\indexentry{systeme@syst\IeC {\`e}me!internationnal}{128}
-\indexentry{Kelvin}{128}
-\indexentry{agitation mol\IeC {\'e}culaire}{128}
-\indexentry{chaleur}{129}
-\indexentry{temperature@temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{129}
-\indexentry{chaleur!sp\IeC {\'e}cifique}{129}
-\indexentry{chaleur!latente}{129}
-\indexentry{palier!de fusion}{130}
-\indexentry{palier!de solidification}{130}
-\indexentry{palier!de vaporisation}{130}
-\indexentry{palier!de liqu\IeC {\'e}faction}{130}
-\indexentry{chaleur!latente}{130}
-\indexentry{travail}{130}
-\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!interne}{130}
-\indexentry{chaleur}{130}
-\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!potentielle}{130}
-\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!cin\IeC {\'e}tique}{130}
-\indexentry{Carnot Nicolas Leonard@Carnot Nicolas L\IeC {\'e}onard}{131}
-\indexentry{Carnot Nicolas Leonard@Carnot Nicolas L\IeC {\'e}onard}{131}
-\indexentry{thermodynamique}{131}
-\indexentry{moteur ideal@moteur id\IeC {\'e}al}{131}
-\indexentry{rendement!maximum}{131}
-\indexentry{premi\IeC {\`e}re loi!de la thermodynamique}{131}
+\indexentry{zero@z\IeC {\'e}ro!de l'\IeC {\'e}nergie potentielle}{126}
+\indexentry{physique@physique!th\IeC {\'e}orique}{129}
+\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie}{131}
 \indexentry{temperature@temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{131}
-\indexentry{premier principe}{131}
-\indexentry{premier principe}{131}
-\indexentry{capacit\IeC {\'e} thermique}{136}
-\indexentry{valeur en eau}{136}
-\indexentry{transition d'\IeC {\'e}tat}{137}
-\indexentry{fusion}{137}
-\indexentry{solidification}{137}
-\indexentry{vaporisation}{137}
-\indexentry{liqu\IeC {\'e}faction}{137}
-\indexentry{chaleur latente}{137}
-\indexentry{\IeC {\'e}vaporation}{137}
-\indexentry{temp\IeC {\'e}rature d'\IeC {\'e}quilibre}{138}
-\indexentry{\IeC {\'e}quation d'\IeC {\'e}tat}{139}
-\indexentry{loi des gaz parfaits}{139}
-\indexentry{degre de liberte@degr\IeC {\'e} de libert\IeC {\'e}}{143}
-\indexentry{equipartition de l'energie@\IeC {\'e}quipartition de l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{143}
-\indexentry{moteur!\IeC {\`a} explosion}{150}
-\indexentry{moteur!\IeC {\`a} essence}{151}
-\indexentry{cycle!d'Otto}{151}
-\indexentry{Beau de Rochas}{151}
-\indexentry{rapport de compression}{152}
-\indexentry{taux d'injection}{153}
-\indexentry{entropie}{154}
-\indexentry{second principe}{155}
-\indexentry{Syst\IeC {\`e}me!International d'unit\IeC {\'e}s}{159}
-\indexentry{SI}{159}
-\indexentry{conversion}{159}
-\indexentry{unit\IeC {\'e}}{159}
-\indexentry{parsec}{159}
-\indexentry{UA}{159}
-\indexentry{seconde!d'arc}{159}
-\indexentry{minute d'arc}{159}
-\indexentry{pc}{159}
-\indexentry{multiple}{160}
-\indexentry{sous-multiple}{160}
-\indexentry{notation@notation!scientifique}{160}
-\indexentry{notation@notation!d'ing\IeC {\'e}nieur}{160}
-\indexentry{notation@notation!scientifique}{160}
-\indexentry{notation@notation!d'ing\IeC {\'e}nieur}{160}
-\indexentry{EXP}{160}
-\indexentry{EE}{160}
-\indexentry{syst\IeC {\`e}me!de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es circulaires}{163}
-\indexentry{orbite}{163}
-\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{163}
-\indexentry{position}{163}
-\indexentry{coordonn\IeC {\'e}e}{163}
-\indexentry{coordonn\IeC {\'e}e!sph\IeC {\'e}riques}{163}
-\indexentry{sph\IeC {\'e}rique}{163}
-\indexentry{coordonn\IeC {\'e}e}{164}
-\indexentry{colatitude}{164}
-\indexentry{latitude}{164}
-\indexentry{longitude}{164}
-\indexentry{latitude}{164}
-\indexentry{longitude}{164}
-\indexentry{mesure!de distance}{165}
-\indexentry{Eratosthene@\IeC {\'E}ratosth\IeC {\`e}ne}{165}
-\indexentry{Cleomede@Cl\IeC {\'e}om\IeC {\`e}de}{165}
-\indexentry{Strabon}{165}
-\indexentry{Pline l'Ancien}{165}
-\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{165}
-\indexentry{Syene@Sy\IeC {\`e}ne}{165}
-\indexentry{Assouan}{165}
-\indexentry{tropique!du Cancer}{165}
-\indexentry{solstice!d'\IeC {\'e}t\IeC {\'e}}{165}
-\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{165}
-\indexentry{Alexandrie}{165}
-\indexentry{gnomon}{165}
-\indexentry{circonference@circonf\IeC {\'e}rence!de la terre}{165}
-\indexentry{gnomon}{165}
-\indexentry{scaphe@scaph\IeC {\'e}}{166}
-\indexentry{stade}{166}
-\indexentry{Delambre}{166}
-\indexentry{diametre@diam\IeC {\`e}tre!apparent}{166}
-\indexentry{stade}{166}
-\indexentry{circonference@circonf\IeC {\'e}rence!de la terre}{167}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{167}
-\indexentry{eclipse@\IeC {\'e}clipse!de Lune}{167}
-\indexentry{eclipse@\IeC {\'e}clipse!de Soleil}{167}
-\indexentry{eclipse@\IeC {\'e}clipse!de Lune}{167}
-\indexentry{Apollo}{168}
-\indexentry{parallaxe}{168}
-\indexentry{Polaire}{168}
-\indexentry{parallaxe}{168}
-\indexentry{Mars}{168}
-\indexentry{Cassini}{168}
-\indexentry{Richer}{168}
-\indexentry{parallaxe}{169}
-\indexentry{Paris-Cayenne}{169}
-\indexentry{Cassini}{169}
-\indexentry{opposition}{169}
-\indexentry{orbite!elliptique}{169}
-\indexentry{Kepler!troisi\IeC {\`e}me loi}{169}
-\indexentry{excentricite@excentricit\IeC {\'e}}{170}
-\indexentry{orbite!elliptique}{170}
-\indexentry{excentricite@excentricit\IeC {\'e}}{170}
-\indexentry{parallaxe}{170}
-\indexentry{parallaxe!stellaire}{170}
-\indexentry{Bessel}{170}
-\indexentry{Proxima du Centaure}{170}
-\indexentry{ellipse}{170}
-\indexentry{foyer}{170}
-\indexentry{rapport!de laboratoire}{171}
-\indexentry{clarte@clart\IeC {\'e}}{171}
-\indexentry{concision}{171}
-\indexentry{structure!de rapport}{171}
-\indexentry{rapport!de travail pratique}{172}
-\indexentry{titre}{172}
-\indexentry{resume@r\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{172}
-\indexentry{titre}{172}
-\indexentry{resume@r\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{172}
-\indexentry{abstract}{172}
-\indexentry{but du travail pratique}{172}
-\indexentry{Partie th\IeC {\'e}orique}{172}
-\indexentry{annexe}{172}
-\indexentry{description de l'experience@description de l'exp\IeC {\'e}rience}{172}
-\indexentry{resultats@r\IeC {\'e}sultats}{172}
-\indexentry{graphique}{173}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{173}
-\indexentry{tableau}{173}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{173}
-\indexentry{annexe}{173}
-\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart}{173}
-\indexentry{erreur}{173}
-\indexentry{erreur}{173}
-\indexentry{erreur!syst\IeC {\'e}matique}{174}
-\indexentry{exemple de calcul}{174}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{174}
-\indexentry{discussion}{174}
-\indexentry{conclusion du travail pratique}{174}
-\indexentry{nebuleuse@n\IeC {\'e}buleuse!du crabe}{175}
-\indexentry{etoile@\IeC {\'e}toile!\IeC {\`a} neutrons}{175}
-\indexentry{pulsar}{175}
-\indexentry{expansion}{175}
-\indexentry{filaments}{175}
-\indexentry{etoile@\IeC {\'e}toile!nouvelle}{175}
-\indexentry{pendule}{175}
-\indexentry{grandeur}{175}
-\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode}{175}
-\indexentry{variable}{175}
-\indexentry{parametre@param\IeC {\`e}tre}{175}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{176}
-\indexentry{clarte@clart\IeC {\'e}}{176}
-\indexentry{mouvement!simple}{176}
-\indexentry{MRU}{176}
-\indexentry{graphe horaire}{176}
-\indexentry{mouvement!simple}{176}
-\indexentry{MRUA}{176}
-\indexentry{rail incline@rail inclin\IeC {\'e}}{176}
-\indexentry{Galilee@Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{177}
-\indexentry{plan incline@plan inclin\IeC {\'e}}{177}
-\indexentry{chute libre}{177}
-\indexentry{MRUA}{177}
-\indexentry{canon}{177}
-\indexentry{balistique}{177}
-\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie}{178}
-\indexentry{seconde!loi!de Newton}{178}
-\indexentry{MRUA}{178}
-\indexentry{acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration}{178}
-\indexentry{rotation!de la terre}{179}
-\indexentry{equateur@\IeC {\'e}quateur!terrestre}{179}
-\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode!sid\IeC {\'e}rale}{179}
-\indexentry{inertie}{179}
-\indexentry{rotation!de la Terre}{179}
-\indexentry{Soleil}{179}
-\indexentry{inertie}{179}
-\indexentry{relativit\IeC {\'e}}{180}
-\indexentry{immobilite de la terre@immobilit\IeC {\'e} de la terre}{180}
-\indexentry{inertie}{180}
-\indexentry{orbite!elliptique}{180}
-\indexentry{Ptolemee@Ptol\IeC {\'e}m\IeC {\'e}e}{180}
-\indexentry{epicycle@\IeC {\'e}picycle}{180}
-\indexentry{retrogradation@r\IeC {\'e}trogradation}{180}
-\indexentry{orbite!de mars}{180}
-\indexentry{Tycho Brahe@Tycho Brah\IeC {\'e}}{180}
-\indexentry{orbite!circulaire}{181}
-\indexentry{rotation!du Soleil}{181}
-\indexentry{Voie Lact\IeC {\'e}e}{181}
-\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode!sid\IeC {\'e}rale}{181}
-\indexentry{inertie}{181}
-\indexentry{equateur@\IeC {\'e}quateur}{181}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel}{181}
-\indexentry{Local Standard of Rest}{182}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel}{182}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!absolu}{182}
-\indexentry{relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{182}
-\indexentry{Michelson et Morley}{182}
-\indexentry{position}{183}
-\indexentry{seconde!loi!de Newton}{187}
-\indexentry{mouvement!circulaire!uniforme}{187}
-\indexentry{loi!de la gravitation universelle}{187}
-\indexentry{altitude}{187}
-\indexentry{satellite}{187}
-\indexentry{orbite}{187}
-\indexentry{geostationnaire@g\IeC {\'e}ostationnaire}{187}
-\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode}{187}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}}{189}
-\indexentry{Einstein}{189}
-\indexentry{dilatation du temps}{189}
-\indexentry{courbure de l'espace}{189}
-\indexentry{Bruno Giordano}{189}
-\indexentry{Galilee@Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{189}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{189}
-\indexentry{vitesse!constante}{189}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{189}
-\indexentry{Bruno Giordano}{190}
-\indexentry{pluralite@pluralit\IeC {\'e} des mondes}{190}
-\indexentry{transformation!galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{190}
-\indexentry{invariance!du temps}{190}
-\indexentry{theoreme@th\IeC {\'e}or\IeC {\`e}me!d'addition des vitesses}{190}
-\indexentry{invariance}{191}
-\indexentry{MRU}{191}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!de Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{191}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{191}
-\indexentry{seconde loi}{191}
-\indexentry{invariance!formelle}{191}
-\indexentry{Bruno Giordano}{191}
-\indexentry{force@force!inertielle}{191}
-\indexentry{invariance}{191}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{191}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!inertiel}{191}
-\indexentry{mouvement!rectiligne uniforme}{191}
-\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{191}
-\indexentry{force@force!centrifuge}{191}
-\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{191}
-\indexentry{seconde loi}{191}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!non inertiel}{191}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!tournant}{192}
-\indexentry{force@force!fictive}{192}
-\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{192}
-\indexentry{champ!de gravitation}{192}
-\indexentry{invariance}{192}
-\indexentry{transformation!de Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{192}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{192}
-\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!g\IeC {\'e}n\IeC {\'e}rale}{192}
-\indexentry{acceleration@acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration!centrip\IeC {\`e}te}{192}
-\indexentry{cinematique@cin\IeC {\'e}matique}{192}
-\indexentry{invariance!formelle}{192}
-\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{192}
-\indexentry{force@force!fictive}{192}
-\indexentry{pseudo-force}{192}
-\indexentry{force@force!centrifuge}{192}
-\indexentry{force@force!centrifuge}{192}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!non inertiel}{192}
-\indexentry{pseudo-force}{192}
-\indexentry{force@force!de gravitation}{192}
+\indexentry{chaleur}{131}
+\indexentry{Celsius}{131}
+\indexentry{degre@degr\IeC {\'e}!centigrade}{131}
+\indexentry{degre@degr\IeC {\'e}!Celsius}{131}
+\indexentry{Fahrenheit}{131}
+\indexentry{degre@degr\IeC {\'e}!Fahrenheit}{131}
+\indexentry{fusion}{131}
+\indexentry{vaporisation}{131}
+\indexentry{systeme@syst\IeC {\`e}me!internationnal}{132}
+\indexentry{Kelvin}{132}
+\indexentry{agitation mol\IeC {\'e}culaire}{132}
+\indexentry{chaleur}{133}
+\indexentry{temperature@temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{133}
+\indexentry{chaleur!sp\IeC {\'e}cifique}{133}
+\indexentry{chaleur!latente}{133}
+\indexentry{palier!de fusion}{134}
+\indexentry{palier!de solidification}{134}
+\indexentry{palier!de vaporisation}{134}
+\indexentry{palier!de liqu\IeC {\'e}faction}{134}
+\indexentry{chaleur!latente}{134}
+\indexentry{travail}{134}
+\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!interne}{134}
+\indexentry{chaleur}{134}
+\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!potentielle}{134}
+\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!cin\IeC {\'e}tique}{134}
+\indexentry{Carnot Nicolas Leonard@Carnot Nicolas L\IeC {\'e}onard}{135}
+\indexentry{Carnot Nicolas Leonard@Carnot Nicolas L\IeC {\'e}onard}{135}
+\indexentry{thermodynamique}{135}
+\indexentry{moteur ideal@moteur id\IeC {\'e}al}{135}
+\indexentry{rendement!maximum}{135}
+\indexentry{premi\IeC {\`e}re loi!de la thermodynamique}{135}
+\indexentry{temperature@temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{135}
+\indexentry{premier principe}{135}
+\indexentry{premier principe}{135}
+\indexentry{capacit\IeC {\'e} thermique}{140}
+\indexentry{valeur en eau}{140}
+\indexentry{transition d'\IeC {\'e}tat}{141}
+\indexentry{fusion}{141}
+\indexentry{solidification}{141}
+\indexentry{vaporisation}{141}
+\indexentry{liqu\IeC {\'e}faction}{141}
+\indexentry{chaleur latente}{141}
+\indexentry{\IeC {\'e}vaporation}{141}
+\indexentry{temp\IeC {\'e}rature d'\IeC {\'e}quilibre}{142}
+\indexentry{\IeC {\'e}quation d'\IeC {\'e}tat}{143}
+\indexentry{loi des gaz parfaits}{143}
+\indexentry{degre de liberte@degr\IeC {\'e} de libert\IeC {\'e}}{147}
+\indexentry{equipartition de l'energie@\IeC {\'e}quipartition de l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{147}
+\indexentry{moteur!\IeC {\`a} explosion}{154}
+\indexentry{moteur!\IeC {\`a} essence}{155}
+\indexentry{cycle!d'Otto}{155}
+\indexentry{Beau de Rochas}{155}
+\indexentry{rapport de compression}{156}
+\indexentry{taux d'injection}{157}
+\indexentry{entropie}{158}
+\indexentry{second principe}{159}
+\indexentry{Syst\IeC {\`e}me!International d'unit\IeC {\'e}s}{163}
+\indexentry{SI}{163}
+\indexentry{conversion}{163}
+\indexentry{unit\IeC {\'e}}{163}
+\indexentry{parsec}{163}
+\indexentry{UA}{163}
+\indexentry{seconde!d'arc}{163}
+\indexentry{minute d'arc}{163}
+\indexentry{pc}{163}
+\indexentry{multiple}{164}
+\indexentry{sous-multiple}{164}
+\indexentry{notation@notation!scientifique}{164}
+\indexentry{notation@notation!d'ing\IeC {\'e}nieur}{164}
+\indexentry{notation@notation!scientifique}{164}
+\indexentry{notation@notation!d'ing\IeC {\'e}nieur}{164}
+\indexentry{EXP}{164}
+\indexentry{EE}{164}
+\indexentry{syst\IeC {\`e}me!de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es circulaires}{167}
+\indexentry{orbite}{167}
+\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{167}
+\indexentry{position}{167}
+\indexentry{coordonn\IeC {\'e}e}{167}
+\indexentry{coordonn\IeC {\'e}e!sph\IeC {\'e}riques}{167}
+\indexentry{sph\IeC {\'e}rique}{167}
+\indexentry{coordonn\IeC {\'e}e}{168}
+\indexentry{colatitude}{168}
+\indexentry{latitude}{168}
+\indexentry{longitude}{168}
+\indexentry{latitude}{168}
+\indexentry{longitude}{168}
+\indexentry{mesure!de distance}{169}
+\indexentry{Eratosthene@\IeC {\'E}ratosth\IeC {\`e}ne}{169}
+\indexentry{Cleomede@Cl\IeC {\'e}om\IeC {\`e}de}{169}
+\indexentry{Strabon}{169}
+\indexentry{Pline l'Ancien}{169}
+\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{169}
+\indexentry{Syene@Sy\IeC {\`e}ne}{169}
+\indexentry{Assouan}{169}
+\indexentry{tropique!du Cancer}{169}
+\indexentry{solstice!d'\IeC {\'e}t\IeC {\'e}}{169}
+\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{169}
+\indexentry{Alexandrie}{169}
+\indexentry{gnomon}{169}
+\indexentry{circonference@circonf\IeC {\'e}rence!de la terre}{169}
+\indexentry{gnomon}{169}
+\indexentry{scaphe@scaph\IeC {\'e}}{170}
+\indexentry{stade}{170}
+\indexentry{Delambre}{170}
+\indexentry{diametre@diam\IeC {\`e}tre!apparent}{170}
+\indexentry{stade}{170}
+\indexentry{circonference@circonf\IeC {\'e}rence!de la terre}{171}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{171}
+\indexentry{eclipse@\IeC {\'e}clipse!de Lune}{171}
+\indexentry{eclipse@\IeC {\'e}clipse!de Soleil}{171}
+\indexentry{eclipse@\IeC {\'e}clipse!de Lune}{171}
+\indexentry{Apollo}{172}
+\indexentry{parallaxe}{172}
+\indexentry{Polaire}{172}
+\indexentry{parallaxe}{172}
+\indexentry{Mars}{172}
+\indexentry{Cassini}{172}
+\indexentry{Richer}{172}
+\indexentry{parallaxe}{173}
+\indexentry{Paris-Cayenne}{173}
+\indexentry{Cassini}{173}
+\indexentry{opposition}{173}
+\indexentry{orbite!elliptique}{173}
+\indexentry{Kepler!troisi\IeC {\`e}me loi}{173}
+\indexentry{excentricite@excentricit\IeC {\'e}}{174}
+\indexentry{orbite!elliptique}{174}
+\indexentry{excentricite@excentricit\IeC {\'e}}{174}
+\indexentry{parallaxe}{174}
+\indexentry{parallaxe!stellaire}{174}
+\indexentry{Bessel}{174}
+\indexentry{Proxima du Centaure}{174}
+\indexentry{ellipse}{174}
+\indexentry{foyer}{174}
+\indexentry{rapport!de laboratoire}{175}
+\indexentry{clarte@clart\IeC {\'e}}{175}
+\indexentry{concision}{175}
+\indexentry{structure!de rapport}{175}
+\indexentry{rapport!de travail pratique}{176}
+\indexentry{titre}{176}
+\indexentry{resume@r\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{176}
+\indexentry{titre}{176}
+\indexentry{resume@r\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{176}
+\indexentry{abstract}{176}
+\indexentry{but du travail pratique}{176}
+\indexentry{Partie th\IeC {\'e}orique}{176}
+\indexentry{annexe}{176}
+\indexentry{description de l'experience@description de l'exp\IeC {\'e}rience}{176}
+\indexentry{resultats@r\IeC {\'e}sultats}{176}
+\indexentry{graphique}{177}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{177}
+\indexentry{tableau}{177}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{177}
+\indexentry{annexe}{177}
+\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart}{177}
+\indexentry{erreur}{177}
+\indexentry{erreur}{177}
+\indexentry{erreur!syst\IeC {\'e}matique}{178}
+\indexentry{exemple de calcul}{178}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{178}
+\indexentry{discussion}{178}
+\indexentry{conclusion du travail pratique}{178}
+\indexentry{nebuleuse@n\IeC {\'e}buleuse!du crabe}{179}
+\indexentry{etoile@\IeC {\'e}toile!\IeC {\`a} neutrons}{179}
+\indexentry{pulsar}{179}
+\indexentry{expansion}{179}
+\indexentry{filaments}{179}
+\indexentry{etoile@\IeC {\'e}toile!nouvelle}{179}
+\indexentry{pendule}{179}
+\indexentry{grandeur}{179}
+\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode}{179}
+\indexentry{variable}{179}
+\indexentry{parametre@param\IeC {\`e}tre}{179}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{180}
+\indexentry{clarte@clart\IeC {\'e}}{180}
+\indexentry{mouvement!simple}{180}
+\indexentry{MRU}{180}
+\indexentry{graphe horaire}{180}
+\indexentry{mouvement!simple}{180}
+\indexentry{MRUA}{180}
+\indexentry{rail incline@rail inclin\IeC {\'e}}{180}
+\indexentry{Galilee@Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{181}
+\indexentry{plan incline@plan inclin\IeC {\'e}}{181}
+\indexentry{chute libre}{181}
+\indexentry{MRUA}{181}
+\indexentry{canon}{181}
+\indexentry{balistique}{181}
+\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie}{182}
+\indexentry{seconde!loi!de Newton}{182}
+\indexentry{MRUA}{182}
+\indexentry{acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration}{182}
+\indexentry{rotation!de la terre}{183}
+\indexentry{equateur@\IeC {\'e}quateur!terrestre}{183}
+\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode!sid\IeC {\'e}rale}{183}
+\indexentry{inertie}{183}
+\indexentry{rotation!de la Terre}{183}
+\indexentry{Soleil}{183}
+\indexentry{inertie}{183}
+\indexentry{relativit\IeC {\'e}}{184}
+\indexentry{immobilite de la terre@immobilit\IeC {\'e} de la terre}{184}
+\indexentry{inertie}{184}
+\indexentry{orbite!elliptique}{184}
+\indexentry{Ptolemee@Ptol\IeC {\'e}m\IeC {\'e}e}{184}
+\indexentry{epicycle@\IeC {\'e}picycle}{184}
+\indexentry{retrogradation@r\IeC {\'e}trogradation}{184}
+\indexentry{orbite!de mars}{184}
+\indexentry{Tycho Brahe@Tycho Brah\IeC {\'e}}{184}
+\indexentry{orbite!circulaire}{185}
+\indexentry{rotation!du Soleil}{185}
+\indexentry{Voie Lact\IeC {\'e}e}{185}
+\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode!sid\IeC {\'e}rale}{185}
+\indexentry{inertie}{185}
+\indexentry{equateur@\IeC {\'e}quateur}{185}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel}{185}
+\indexentry{Local Standard of Rest}{186}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel}{186}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!absolu}{186}
+\indexentry{relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{186}
+\indexentry{Michelson et Morley}{186}
+\indexentry{position}{187}
+\indexentry{seconde!loi!de Newton}{191}
+\indexentry{mouvement!circulaire!uniforme}{191}
+\indexentry{loi!de la gravitation universelle}{191}
+\indexentry{altitude}{191}
+\indexentry{satellite}{191}
+\indexentry{orbite}{191}
+\indexentry{geostationnaire@g\IeC {\'e}ostationnaire}{191}
+\indexentry{periode@p\IeC {\'e}riode}{191}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}}{193}
+\indexentry{Einstein}{193}
+\indexentry{dilatation du temps}{193}
 \indexentry{courbure de l'espace}{193}
-\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e}{195}
-\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{195}
-\indexentry{centre de gravit\IeC {\'e}}{195}
+\indexentry{Bruno Giordano}{193}
+\indexentry{Galilee@Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{193}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{193}
+\indexentry{vitesse!constante}{193}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{193}
+\indexentry{Bruno Giordano}{194}
+\indexentry{pluralite@pluralit\IeC {\'e} des mondes}{194}
+\indexentry{transformation!galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{194}
+\indexentry{invariance!du temps}{194}
+\indexentry{theoreme@th\IeC {\'e}or\IeC {\`e}me!d'addition des vitesses}{194}
+\indexentry{invariance}{195}
+\indexentry{MRU}{195}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!de Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{195}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{195}
+\indexentry{seconde loi}{195}
+\indexentry{invariance!formelle}{195}
+\indexentry{Bruno Giordano}{195}
+\indexentry{force@force!inertielle}{195}
+\indexentry{invariance}{195}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!restreinte}{195}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!inertiel}{195}
+\indexentry{mouvement!rectiligne uniforme}{195}
 \indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{195}
-\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!tournant}{195}
-\indexentry{pseudo-force!centrifuge}{195}
-\indexentry{poids!relatif}{195}
-\indexentry{centre de gravit\IeC {\'e}}{195}
-\indexentry{mouvement!circulaire uniforme}{196}
-\indexentry{acceleration@acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration!centrip\IeC {\`e}te}{196}
-\indexentry{vitesse!lin\IeC {\'e}aire}{196}
-\indexentry{vitesse!angulaire}{196}
-\indexentry{vitesse!angulaire}{196}
+\indexentry{force@force!centrifuge}{195}
+\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{195}
+\indexentry{seconde loi}{195}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!non inertiel}{195}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!tournant}{196}
+\indexentry{force@force!fictive}{196}
 \indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{196}
-\indexentry{poids!relatif}{197}
-\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{197}
-\indexentry{balance}{197}
-\indexentry{force@force!de mar\IeC {\'e}e}{197}
-\indexentry{pleine mer}{197}
-\indexentry{basse mer}{197}
-\indexentry{pleine mer}{198}
-\indexentry{basse mer}{198}
-\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{198}
-\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de vives et mortes eaux}{198}
-\indexentry{marnage}{198}
-\indexentry{vive eau}{198}
-\indexentry{morte eau}{198}
-\indexentry{nouvelle lune}{198}
-\indexentry{pleine lune}{198}
-\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!d'\IeC {\'e}quinoxe}{198}
-\indexentry{solstice}{198}
-\indexentry{equinoxe@\IeC {\'e}quinoxe}{198}
-\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{198}
-\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de p\IeC {\'e}rig\IeC {\'e}e}{199}
-\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de p\IeC {\'e}rih\IeC {\'e}lie}{199}
-\indexentry{ellipse}{199}
-\indexentry{perigee@p\IeC {\'e}rig\IeC {\'e}e}{199}
-\indexentry{apogee@apog\IeC {\'e}e}{199}
-\indexentry{ellipse}{199}
-\indexentry{perihelie@p\IeC {\'e}rih\IeC {\'e}lie}{199}
-\indexentry{aphelie@aph\IeC {\'e}lie}{199}
-\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de d\IeC {\'e}clinaison}{199}
-\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{199}
-\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!c\IeC {\^o}ti\IeC {\`e}re}{199}
-\indexentry{limite de Roche}{199}
-\indexentry{croute terrestre}{199}
-\indexentry{Io}{199}
-\indexentry{volcanisme}{199}
-\indexentry{anneau d'ast\IeC {\'e}ro\IeC {\"\i }des}{200}
-\indexentry{Saturne}{200}
-\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!hydraulique}{203}
-\indexentry{barrage}{203}
-\indexentry{turbine}{203}
-\indexentry{conduite forcee@conduite forc\IeC {\'e}e}{203}
-\indexentry{debit@d\IeC {\'e}bit!am\IeC {\'e}nag\IeC {\'e}}{203}
-\indexentry{debit@d\IeC {\'e}bit!de restitution}{203}
-\indexentry{puissance!install\IeC {\'e}e}{203}
-\indexentry{regle de Betz@r\IeC {\`e}gle de Betz}{204}
-\indexentry{eolienne@\IeC {\'e}olienne}{204}
-\indexentry{pale}{204}
-\indexentry{limite de Betz}{205}
-\indexentry{eolienne@\IeC {\'e}olienne}{205}
-\indexentry{mat@m\IeC {\^a}t}{205}
-\indexentry{pale}{205}
-\indexentry{limite de Betz}{205}
-\indexentry{barrage}{205}
-\indexentry{eolienne@\IeC {\'e}olienne}{205}
-\indexentry{mat@m\IeC {\^a}t}{205}
-\indexentry{pale}{205}
-\indexentry{barrage}{205}
-\indexentry{geothermie@g\IeC {\'e}othermie}{205}
-\indexentry{forage}{206}
-\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!de combustion!des d\IeC {\'e}chets}{206}
-\indexentry{barrage}{206}
-\indexentry{Alpha du Centaure}{207}
-\indexentry{parsec}{207}
-\indexentry{Alexandrie}{207}
-\indexentry{Eratosthene@\IeC {\'E}ratosth\IeC {\`e}ne}{207}
-\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{207}
-\indexentry{rayon de la Terre}{207}
-\indexentry{proc\IeC {\'e}dure}{210}
-\indexentry{Atwood}{211}
-\indexentry{Atwood}{212}
-\indexentry{chiffres@chiffres!significatifs}{243}
-\indexentry{notation@notation!scientifique}{244}
-\indexentry{ordre@ordre!de grandeur}{244}
-\indexentry{notation@notation!d'ing\IeC {\'e}nieur}{244}
-\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart}{244}
-\indexentry{erreur@erreur}{244}
-\indexentry{erreur@erreur!syst\IeC {\'e}matique}{244}
-\indexentry{signe@signe!des \IeC {\'e}carts}{244}
-\indexentry{erreur@erreur!syst\IeC {\'e}matique}{244}
-\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart!relatif}{244}
-\indexentry{erreur@erreur!relative}{244}
-\indexentry{enclassement@enclassement}{245}
-\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart!type}{245}
-\indexentry{population@population}{246}
-\indexentry{echantillon@\IeC {\'e}chantillon}{246}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{246}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!absolue}{246}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!somme}{247}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!soustraction}{247}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication par un entier}{247}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication}{247}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!relative}{247}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!division}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!puissance}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!relative}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!absolue}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!addition}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!soustraction}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!division}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication par un entier}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!puissance}{248}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!\IeC {\'e}nergie potentielle}{249}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!\IeC {\'e}nergie cin\IeC {\'e}tique}{249}
-\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!vitesse chute libre}{249}
+\indexentry{champ!de gravitation}{196}
+\indexentry{invariance}{196}
+\indexentry{transformation!de Galil\IeC {\'e}e}{196}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{196}
+\indexentry{relativite@relativit\IeC {\'e}!g\IeC {\'e}n\IeC {\'e}rale}{196}
+\indexentry{acceleration@acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration!centrip\IeC {\`e}te}{196}
+\indexentry{cinematique@cin\IeC {\'e}matique}{196}
+\indexentry{invariance!formelle}{196}
+\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{196}
+\indexentry{force@force!fictive}{196}
+\indexentry{pseudo-force}{196}
+\indexentry{force@force!centrifuge}{196}
+\indexentry{force@force!centrifuge}{196}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!non inertiel}{196}
+\indexentry{pseudo-force}{196}
+\indexentry{force@force!de gravitation}{196}
+\indexentry{courbure de l'espace}{197}
+\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e}{199}
+\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{199}
+\indexentry{centre de gravit\IeC {\'e}}{199}
+\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{199}
+\indexentry{referentiel@r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel!tournant}{199}
+\indexentry{pseudo-force!centrifuge}{199}
+\indexentry{poids!relatif}{199}
+\indexentry{centre de gravit\IeC {\'e}}{199}
+\indexentry{mouvement!circulaire uniforme}{200}
+\indexentry{acceleration@acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration!centrip\IeC {\`e}te}{200}
+\indexentry{vitesse!lin\IeC {\'e}aire}{200}
+\indexentry{vitesse!angulaire}{200}
+\indexentry{vitesse!angulaire}{200}
+\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{200}
+\indexentry{poids!relatif}{201}
+\indexentry{force@force!d'inertie}{201}
+\indexentry{balance}{201}
+\indexentry{force@force!de mar\IeC {\'e}e}{201}
+\indexentry{pleine mer}{201}
+\indexentry{basse mer}{201}
+\indexentry{pleine mer}{202}
+\indexentry{basse mer}{202}
+\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{202}
+\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de vives et mortes eaux}{202}
+\indexentry{marnage}{202}
+\indexentry{vive eau}{202}
+\indexentry{morte eau}{202}
+\indexentry{nouvelle lune}{202}
+\indexentry{pleine lune}{202}
+\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!d'\IeC {\'e}quinoxe}{202}
+\indexentry{solstice}{202}
+\indexentry{equinoxe@\IeC {\'e}quinoxe}{202}
+\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{202}
+\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de p\IeC {\'e}rig\IeC {\'e}e}{203}
+\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de p\IeC {\'e}rih\IeC {\'e}lie}{203}
+\indexentry{ellipse}{203}
+\indexentry{perigee@p\IeC {\'e}rig\IeC {\'e}e}{203}
+\indexentry{apogee@apog\IeC {\'e}e}{203}
+\indexentry{ellipse}{203}
+\indexentry{perihelie@p\IeC {\'e}rih\IeC {\'e}lie}{203}
+\indexentry{aphelie@aph\IeC {\'e}lie}{203}
+\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!de d\IeC {\'e}clinaison}{203}
+\indexentry{ecliptique@\IeC {\'e}cliptique}{203}
+\indexentry{maree@mar\IeC {\'e}e!c\IeC {\^o}ti\IeC {\`e}re}{203}
+\indexentry{limite de Roche}{203}
+\indexentry{croute terrestre}{203}
+\indexentry{Io}{203}
+\indexentry{volcanisme}{203}
+\indexentry{anneau d'ast\IeC {\'e}ro\IeC {\"\i }des}{204}
+\indexentry{Saturne}{204}
+\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!hydraulique}{207}
+\indexentry{barrage}{207}
+\indexentry{turbine}{207}
+\indexentry{conduite forcee@conduite forc\IeC {\'e}e}{207}
+\indexentry{debit@d\IeC {\'e}bit!am\IeC {\'e}nag\IeC {\'e}}{207}
+\indexentry{debit@d\IeC {\'e}bit!de restitution}{207}
+\indexentry{puissance!install\IeC {\'e}e}{207}
+\indexentry{regle de Betz@r\IeC {\`e}gle de Betz}{208}
+\indexentry{eolienne@\IeC {\'e}olienne}{208}
+\indexentry{pale}{208}
+\indexentry{limite de Betz}{209}
+\indexentry{eolienne@\IeC {\'e}olienne}{209}
+\indexentry{mat@m\IeC {\^a}t}{209}
+\indexentry{pale}{209}
+\indexentry{limite de Betz}{209}
+\indexentry{barrage}{209}
+\indexentry{eolienne@\IeC {\'e}olienne}{209}
+\indexentry{mat@m\IeC {\^a}t}{209}
+\indexentry{pale}{209}
+\indexentry{barrage}{209}
+\indexentry{geothermie@g\IeC {\'e}othermie}{209}
+\indexentry{forage}{210}
+\indexentry{energie@\IeC {\'e}nergie!de combustion!des d\IeC {\'e}chets}{210}
+\indexentry{barrage}{210}
+\indexentry{Alpha du Centaure}{211}
+\indexentry{parsec}{211}
+\indexentry{Alexandrie}{211}
+\indexentry{Eratosthene@\IeC {\'E}ratosth\IeC {\`e}ne}{211}
+\indexentry{zenith@z\IeC {\'e}nith}{211}
+\indexentry{rayon de la Terre}{211}
+\indexentry{proc\IeC {\'e}dure}{214}
+\indexentry{Atwood}{215}
+\indexentry{Atwood}{216}
+\indexentry{chiffres@chiffres!significatifs}{247}
+\indexentry{notation@notation!scientifique}{248}
+\indexentry{ordre@ordre!de grandeur}{248}
+\indexentry{notation@notation!d'ing\IeC {\'e}nieur}{248}
+\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart}{248}
+\indexentry{erreur@erreur}{248}
+\indexentry{erreur@erreur!syst\IeC {\'e}matique}{248}
+\indexentry{signe@signe!des \IeC {\'e}carts}{248}
+\indexentry{erreur@erreur!syst\IeC {\'e}matique}{248}
+\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart!relatif}{248}
+\indexentry{erreur@erreur!relative}{248}
+\indexentry{enclassement@enclassement}{249}
+\indexentry{ecart@\IeC {\'e}cart!type}{249}
+\indexentry{population@population}{250}
+\indexentry{echantillon@\IeC {\'e}chantillon}{250}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude}{250}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!absolue}{250}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!somme}{251}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!soustraction}{251}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication par un entier}{251}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication}{251}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!relative}{251}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!division}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!puissance}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!relative}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!absolue}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!addition}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!soustraction}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!division}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!multiplication par un entier}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!puissance}{252}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!\IeC {\'e}nergie potentielle}{253}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!\IeC {\'e}nergie cin\IeC {\'e}tique}{253}
+\indexentry{incertitude@incertitude!vitesse chute libre}{253}
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.lof b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.lof
index e4fa5c6..920012f 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.lof
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.lof
@@ -102,89 +102,91 @@
 \contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8.4}{\ignorespaces Travail et produit scalaire\relax }}{120}
 \contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8.5}{\ignorespaces Travail en g\IeC {\'e}n\IeC {\'e}ral\relax }}{120}
 \contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8.6}{\ignorespaces Travail du poids\relax }}{125}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8.7}{\ignorespaces Force et \IeC {\'e}nergie potentielle de gravitation entre la Terre et le Soleil\relax }}{127}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {9.1}{\ignorespaces Thermom\IeC {\`e}tres}}{128}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(a)}{\ignorespaces {Fahrenheit}}}{128}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(b)}{\ignorespaces {Kelvin}}}{128}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {9.2}{\ignorespaces Changements d'\IeC {\'e}tats\relax }}{130}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {9.3}{\ignorespaces R\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e} de thermodynamique\relax }}{132}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
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-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.3}{\ignorespaces Dilatation volumique\relax }}{134}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.4}{\ignorespaces Travail et diagramme P-V\relax }}{142}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.5}{\ignorespaces Transformation isobare\relax }}{144}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.6}{\ignorespaces Transformation isochore\relax }}{145}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.7}{\ignorespaces Transformation isotherme\relax }}{145}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.8}{\ignorespaces Transformation adiabatique\relax }}{146}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.9}{\ignorespaces Moteur thermique}}{149}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(a)}{\ignorespaces {Chargement}}}{149}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(b)}{\ignorespaces {Chauffage}}}{149}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(c)}{\ignorespaces {D\IeC {\'e}chargement}}}{149}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(d)}{\ignorespaces {Refroidissement}}}{149}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.10}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{149}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.11}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{150}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.12}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{150}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.13}{\ignorespaces Moteur \IeC {\`a} explosion}}{151}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(a)}{\ignorespaces {Admission}}}{151}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(b)}{\ignorespaces {Compression}}}{151}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(c)}{\ignorespaces {Allumage}}}{151}
-\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(d)}{\ignorespaces {Temps moteur}}}{151}
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-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.15}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{152}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.1}{\ignorespaces Thermom\IeC {\`e}tres}}{132}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(a)}{\ignorespaces {Fahrenheit}}}{132}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(b)}{\ignorespaces {Kelvin}}}{132}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.2}{\ignorespaces Changements d'\IeC {\'e}tats\relax }}{134}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10.3}{\ignorespaces R\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e} de thermodynamique\relax }}{136}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {A.1}{\ignorespaces Relation de l'arc de cercle\relax }}{159}
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+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.2}{\ignorespaces Fusible bilame\relax }}{138}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.3}{\ignorespaces Dilatation volumique\relax }}{138}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.4}{\ignorespaces Travail et diagramme P-V\relax }}{146}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.5}{\ignorespaces Transformation isobare\relax }}{148}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.6}{\ignorespaces Transformation isochore\relax }}{149}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.7}{\ignorespaces Transformation isotherme\relax }}{149}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.8}{\ignorespaces Transformation adiabatique\relax }}{150}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.9}{\ignorespaces Moteur thermique}}{153}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(a)}{\ignorespaces {Chargement}}}{153}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(b)}{\ignorespaces {Chauffage}}}{153}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(c)}{\ignorespaces {D\IeC {\'e}chargement}}}{153}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(d)}{\ignorespaces {Refroidissement}}}{153}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.10}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{153}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.11}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{154}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.12}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{154}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.13}{\ignorespaces Moteur \IeC {\`a} explosion}}{155}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(a)}{\ignorespaces {Admission}}}{155}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(b)}{\ignorespaces {Compression}}}{155}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(c)}{\ignorespaces {Allumage}}}{155}
+\contentsline {subfigure}{\numberline {(d)}{\ignorespaces {Temps moteur}}}{155}
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+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11.15}{\ignorespaces Diagramme d'\IeC {\'e}tat\relax }}{156}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
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-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {B.2}{\ignorespaces Syst\IeC {\`e}me de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es sph\IeC {\'e}riques\relax }}{164}
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 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {C.1}{\ignorespaces Taille de la terre\relax }}{165}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {C.2}{\ignorespaces Taille de la lune}}{167}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {C.3}{\ignorespaces Parallaxe de Mars}}{168}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {B.1}{\ignorespaces Syst\IeC {\`e}me de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es circulaires\relax }}{167}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {B.2}{\ignorespaces Syst\IeC {\`e}me de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es sph\IeC {\'e}riques\relax }}{168}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {D.1}{\ignorespaces Rail horizontal}}{172}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {D.2}{\ignorespaces Chute libre\relax }}{173}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {C.1}{\ignorespaces Taille de la terre\relax }}{169}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {C.2}{\ignorespaces Taille de la lune}}{171}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {C.3}{\ignorespaces Parallaxe de Mars}}{172}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {E.1}{\ignorespaces Le syst\IeC {\`e}me g\IeC {\'e}ocentrique de Tycho Brah\IeC {\'e}}}{180}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {E.2}{\ignorespaces Le Soleil dans la Voie Lact\IeC {\'e}e}}{181}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {D.1}{\ignorespaces Rail horizontal}}{176}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {D.2}{\ignorespaces Chute libre\relax }}{177}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {F.1}{\ignorespaces \emph {Discours concernant deux sciences nouvelles} de Galil\IeC {\'e}e}}{183}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {E.1}{\ignorespaces Le syst\IeC {\`e}me g\IeC {\'e}ocentrique de Tycho Brah\IeC {\'e}}}{184}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {E.2}{\ignorespaces Le Soleil dans la Voie Lact\IeC {\'e}e}}{185}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {G.1}{\ignorespaces Chute de la lune\relax }}{185}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {F.1}{\ignorespaces \emph {Discours concernant deux sciences nouvelles} de Galil\IeC {\'e}e}}{187}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {H.1}{\ignorespaces Satellite}}{187}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {G.1}{\ignorespaces Chute de la lune\relax }}{189}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {I.1}{\ignorespaces Transformation de galil\IeC {\'e}e}}{190}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.1}{\ignorespaces Mar\IeC {\'e}e}}{195}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {H.1}{\ignorespaces Satellite}}{191}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.2}{\ignorespaces Syst\IeC {\`e}me Terre-Lune\relax }}{196}
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-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.4}{\ignorespaces D\IeC {\'e}calage horaire}}{198}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.5}{\ignorespaces Vives et mortes eaux}}{198}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.6}{\ignorespaces Limite de Roche}}{200}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.7}{\ignorespaces Limite de Roche}}{201}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {I.1}{\ignorespaces Transformation de galil\IeC {\'e}e}}{194}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.1}{\ignorespaces Mar\IeC {\'e}e}}{199}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {K.1}{\ignorespaces Le barrage du Ch\IeC {\^a}telot}}{203}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.2}{\ignorespaces Syst\IeC {\`e}me Terre-Lune\relax }}{200}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.3}{\ignorespaces Syst\IeC {\`e}me Terre-Lune-eau\relax }}{200}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.4}{\ignorespaces D\IeC {\'e}calage horaire}}{202}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.5}{\ignorespaces Vives et mortes eaux}}{202}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.6}{\ignorespaces Limite de Roche}}{204}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {J.7}{\ignorespaces Limite de Roche}}{205}
 \addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.1}{\ignorespaces Le rayon de la Terre par Eratosth\IeC {\`e}ne\relax }}{208}
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-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.3}{\ignorespaces Masse pendante}}{212}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.4}{\ignorespaces Deux poulies}}{213}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.5}{\ignorespaces Bloc suspendu}}{214}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.6}{\ignorespaces Graphes horaires du MRU.\relax }}{219}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.7}{\ignorespaces Chute aristot\IeC {\'e}licienne de la tour Eiffel.\relax }}{223}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.8}{\ignorespaces Une fus\IeC {\'e}e.\relax }}{223}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.9}{\ignorespaces Une remorque\relax }}{223}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {L.10}{\ignorespaces Un ascenseur\relax }}{226}
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 %%Trailer
 
 userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex
index 7918033..baa7323 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex
@@ -101,6 +101,9 @@
 % inclusion de lénergie (OS)
 \opt{OS}{\include{EnergieOS/EnergieOS}}
 
+% inclusion de la physique théorique
+\opt{OS}{\include{PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique}}
+
 % inclusion du chapitre de thermodynamique
 \include{Thermodynamique/Thermodynamique}
 
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex.bak b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex.bak
index 7918033..baa7323 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex.bak
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.tex.bak
@@ -101,6 +101,9 @@
 % inclusion de lénergie (OS)
 \opt{OS}{\include{EnergieOS/EnergieOS}}
 
+% inclusion de la physique théorique
+\opt{OS}{\include{PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique}}
+
 % inclusion du chapitre de thermodynamique
 \include{Thermodynamique/Thermodynamique}
 
diff --git a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.toc b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.toc
index b7d7bfd..c61605b 100644
--- a/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.toc
+++ b/CoursMecaniqueOSDF.toc
@@ -207,208 +207,210 @@
 \contentsline {subsubsection}{Le ressort}{125}
 \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.6.3}G\IeC {\'e}n\IeC {\'e}ralisation}{125}
 \contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}nergie gravifique}{126}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}Thermodynamique}{127}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}Introduction}{127}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.2}Temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{127}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.1}Celsius}{127}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.2}Fahrenheit}{127}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.3}Kelvin}{128}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.2.4}Agitation mol\IeC {\'e}culaire}{128}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.3}Dilatation}{128}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.4}Chaleur}{129}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.4.1}Chaleur sp\IeC {\'e}cifique}{129}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.4.2}Chaleur latente}{129}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.5}\IeC {\'E}nergie thermique}{130}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.5.1}Premier principe}{131}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10}Thermodynamique}{133}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.1}Temp\IeC {\'e}rature et dilatation}{133}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.1.1}Temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{133}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.1.2}Dilatation}{133}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.2}Chaleurs sp\IeC {\'e}cifique et latente}{135}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.1}Introduction}{135}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.2}Chaleur sp\IeC {\'e}cifique}{135}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Chaleur massique}{135}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Capacit\IeC {\'e} thermique}{136}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Notion de mole}{136}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Chaleur molaire}{136}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Relation entre chaleur massique et molaire}{137}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Chaleur latente}{137}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}vaporation}{137}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.3}Bilan thermique}{138}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.3}Loi des gaz parfaits}{139}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.3.1}\IeC {\'E}quation d'\IeC {\'e}tat}{139}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Pression}{139}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}tat d'un gaz parfait}{139}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Approche intuitive}{139}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Approche mol\IeC {\'e}culaire}{140}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.3.2}Gaz parfait}{141}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.4}Premier principe}{141}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.1}Chaleur}{141}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.2}Travail}{142}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.3}\IeC {\'E}nergie interne}{142}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}quipartition de l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{143}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.4}Premier principe}{143}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.5}Changements d'\IeC {\'e}tats}{143}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation isobare}{144}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation isochore}{144}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation isotherme}{145}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation adiabatique}{146}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.6}Chaleurs sp\IeC {\'e}cifiques}{147}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.5}Machines thermiques}{148}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.1}Machine simple}{148}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.2}Moteur \IeC {\`a} explosion}{150}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.3}Moteur Diesel}{152}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.4}Machine de Stirling}{154}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.5}Climatiseur}{154}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.6}R\IeC {\'e}frig\IeC {\'e}rateur}{154}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.7}Pompe \IeC {\`a} chaleur}{154}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.8}Cycle de Carnot}{154}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.6}Thermodynamique statistique}{154}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.7}Second principe}{155}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {A}Syst\IeC {\`e}mes d'unit\IeC {\'e}s}{157}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.1}Introduction}{157}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.2}Op\IeC {\'e}rateur d'unit\IeC {\'e}s}{157}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.3}Analyse dimentionnelle}{158}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.4}Les unit\IeC {\'e}s du Syst\IeC {\`e}me International}{159}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A.4.1}Exemple}{159}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.5}Conversions}{159}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.6}Sous-multiples}{160}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.7}Notation scientifique}{160}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.8}R\IeC {\`e}gles de calcul}{161}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {B}Deux syst\IeC {\`e}mes de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es}{163}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.1}Le syst\IeC {\`e}me de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es circulaires}{163}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.1.1}Introduction}{163}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.1.2}Description}{163}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.2}Coordonn\IeC {\'e}es sph\IeC {\'e}riques}{163}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.2.1}Introduction}{163}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.2.2}Description}{163}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.2.3}Latitude et longitude}{164}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {C}Mesures de distances}{165}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.1}La taille de la Terre}{165}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C.1.1}Le principe}{165}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C.1.2}Techniquement}{166}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.2}La taille de la Lune}{167}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.3}La distance Terre-Lune}{167}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.4}La distance Terre-Soleil}{168}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.5}La distance des \IeC {\'e}toiles}{170}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {D}Travaux pratiques}{171}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.1}Le rapport de laboratoire}{171}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.1.1}Plan d'un rapport de travail pratique}{172}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Pr\IeC {\'e}liminaires}{172}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{R\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{172}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{But}{172}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Th\IeC {\'e}orie}{172}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Description de l'exp\IeC {\'e}rience}{172}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{R\IeC {\'e}sultats}{172}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Discussion}{174}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Conclusion}{174}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{Annexes}{174}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.2}La n\IeC {\'e}buleuse du Crabe}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.1}Introduction}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.2}But du travail pratique}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.3}Dispositif exp\IeC {\'e}rimental}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.4}Mesures}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.5}R\IeC {\'e}sultats}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.6}Analyse}{175}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.3}Le pendule simple}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.3.1}Les mesures}{175}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.3.2}Organisation des donn\IeC {\'e}es et graphiques}{176}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.4}Mouvement simple : MRU}{176}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.4.1}Les mesures}{176}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.4.2}Organisation des donn\IeC {\'e}es et graphiques}{176}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.4.3}Analyse des r\IeC {\'e}sultats}{176}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.5}Mouvement simple :\\MRUA}{176}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.1}But}{176}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.2}Th\IeC {\'e}orie}{177}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.3}Les mesures}{177}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.4}Organisation des donn\IeC {\'e}es et graphiques}{177}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.5}Galil\IeC {\'e}e et le plan inclin\IeC {\'e}}{177}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.6}La chute libre}{177}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.6.1}Cette exp\IeC {\'e}rience donnant lieu \IeC {\`a} un rapport not\IeC {\'e}, elle n'est pas d\IeC {\'e}crite.}{177}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.6.2}R\IeC {\'e}sultats}{177}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.7}Le canon horizontal}{177}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.8}Le chariot \IeC {\`a} masse pendante}{178}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {E}Rotations}{179}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.1}Rotation de la Terre sur elle-m\IeC {\^e}me}{179}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.2}Rotation de la Terre autour du Soleil}{179}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.3}Rotation du Soleil dans la Voie Lact\IeC {\'e}e}{181}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.4}Vitesse et r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel}{181}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {F}MRUA d\IeC {\'e}veloppements}{183}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {F.1}La position}{183}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {F.2}Une autre relation bien pratique}{183}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {F.2.1}Cin\IeC {\'e}matique}{183}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {F.2.2}\IeC {\'E}nergie}{184}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {G}Chute de la Lune}{185}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {G.1}Introduction}{185}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {G.2}Acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration}{185}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {G.3}Force de gravitation}{186}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {H}Satellite en orbite g\IeC {\'e}ostationnaire}{187}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.1}Introduction}{187}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.2}Th\IeC {\'e}oriquement}{187}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.3}Num\IeC {\'e}riquement}{188}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.4}Loi de Kepler}{188}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {I}Relativit\IeC {\'e}}{189}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.1}Relativit\IeC {\'e} galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{189}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.2}Transformation galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{190}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.3}Invariance}{191}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.4}Forces inertielles}{191}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {I.4.1}Force d'inertie}{191}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {I.4.2}Force centrifuge}{192}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {J}Mar\IeC {\'e}es}{195}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.1}Introduction}{195}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.2}Centre de gravit\IeC {\'e}}{195}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.3}Force d'inertie}{196}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.3.1}Vitesse angulaire}{196}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.3.2}Force d'inertie}{196}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.4}Poids relatif}{197}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.5}Analyse diff\IeC {\'e}rentielle}{197}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.6}Autres rythmes}{197}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.1}D\IeC {\'e}calages}{198}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.2}Mar\IeC {\'e}es de vives et mortes eaux}{198}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.3}Mar\IeC {\'e}es d'\IeC {\'e}quinoxes}{198}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.4}Mar\IeC {\'e}es de p\IeC {\'e}rig\IeC {\'e}e et p\IeC {\'e}rih\IeC {\'e}lie}{199}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.5}Mar\IeC {\'e}es de d\IeC {\'e}clinaison}{199}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.6}Retards et mar\IeC {\'e}es c\IeC {\^o}ti\IeC {\`e}res}{199}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.7}Limite de Roche}{199}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.7.1}Mod\IeC {\`e}le simplifi\IeC {\'e}}{200}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.7.2}Exemples}{201}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {K}\IeC {\'E}nergies}{203}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.1}Introduction}{203}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.2}\IeC {\'E}nergie hydraulique}{203}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.3}\IeC {\'E}nergie \IeC {\'e}olienne}{204}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {K.3.1}R\IeC {\`e}gle de Betz}{204}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {K.3.2}\IeC {\'E}oliennes}{205}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}olienne de Collonges-Dor\IeC {\'e}naz}{205}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}oliennes du Mont Soleil (Jura suisse)}{205}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.4}G\IeC {\'e}othermie}{205}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.5}\IeC {\'E}nergie de combustion des d\IeC {\'e}chets}{206}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {L}Exercices}{207}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {L.1}Probl\IeC {\`e}mes}{207}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.1}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la conversion d'unit\IeC {\'e}s et \IeC {\`a} la notation scientifique}{207}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.2}Relatifs aux notions de d\IeC {\'e}placement, position et distance parcourue}{208}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.3}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la notion de vitesse}{208}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.4}Relatif \IeC {\`a} la notion d'acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration}{208}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.5}Relatif au MRU}{209}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.6}Relatif au MRUA}{209}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.7}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la physique aristot\IeC {\'e}licienne}{210}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.8}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la physique newtonienne}{210}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.9}Relatifs aux forces}{213}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.10}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{214}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.11}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la conservation de l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{215}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.12}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie hydraulique}{215}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.13}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie \IeC {\'e}olienne}{215}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.14}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie solaire}{215}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {L.2}Solutions}{216}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {L.3}Solutions OS}{232}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {M}Ordre de grandeur, erreur et incertitudes}{243}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {M.1}Ordre de grandeur}{243}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.1.1}Chiffres significatifs}{243}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.1.2}Ordre de grandeur}{243}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {M.2}\IeC {\'E}cart et erreur}{244}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {M.3}Incertitude}{246}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.1}Addition/soustraction}{247}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.2}Multiplication par un entier}{247}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.3}Multiplication/division}{247}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.4}Puissance}{248}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.5}R\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{248}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.6}Exemples}{249}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}Physique th\IeC {\'e}orique}{129}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}Introduction}{129}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10}Thermodynamique}{131}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.1}Introduction}{131}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.2}Temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{131}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.1}Celsius}{131}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.2}Fahrenheit}{131}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.3}Kelvin}{132}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.4}Agitation mol\IeC {\'e}culaire}{132}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.3}Dilatation}{132}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.4}Chaleur}{133}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.1}Chaleur sp\IeC {\'e}cifique}{133}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.4.2}Chaleur latente}{133}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.5}\IeC {\'E}nergie thermique}{134}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.5.1}Premier principe}{135}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {11}Thermodynamique}{137}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.1}Temp\IeC {\'e}rature et dilatation}{137}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.1.1}Temp\IeC {\'e}rature}{137}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.1.2}Dilatation}{137}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.2}Chaleurs sp\IeC {\'e}cifique et latente}{139}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.2.1}Introduction}{139}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.2.2}Chaleur sp\IeC {\'e}cifique}{139}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Chaleur massique}{139}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Capacit\IeC {\'e} thermique}{140}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Notion de mole}{140}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Chaleur molaire}{140}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Relation entre chaleur massique et molaire}{141}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Chaleur latente}{141}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}vaporation}{141}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.2.3}Bilan thermique}{142}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.3}Loi des gaz parfaits}{143}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.3.1}\IeC {\'E}quation d'\IeC {\'e}tat}{143}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Pression}{143}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}tat d'un gaz parfait}{143}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Approche intuitive}{143}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Approche mol\IeC {\'e}culaire}{144}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.3.2}Gaz parfait}{145}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.4}Premier principe}{145}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.4.1}Chaleur}{145}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.4.2}Travail}{146}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.4.3}\IeC {\'E}nergie interne}{146}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}quipartition de l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{147}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.4.4}Premier principe}{147}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.4.5}Changements d'\IeC {\'e}tats}{147}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation isobare}{148}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation isochore}{148}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation isotherme}{149}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Transformation adiabatique}{150}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.4.6}Chaleurs sp\IeC {\'e}cifiques}{151}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.5}Machines thermiques}{152}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.1}Machine simple}{152}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.2}Moteur \IeC {\`a} explosion}{154}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.3}Moteur Diesel}{156}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.4}Machine de Stirling}{158}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.5}Climatiseur}{158}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.6}R\IeC {\'e}frig\IeC {\'e}rateur}{158}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.7}Pompe \IeC {\`a} chaleur}{158}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.5.8}Cycle de Carnot}{158}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.6}Thermodynamique statistique}{158}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.7}Second principe}{159}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {A}Syst\IeC {\`e}mes d'unit\IeC {\'e}s}{161}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.1}Introduction}{161}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.2}Op\IeC {\'e}rateur d'unit\IeC {\'e}s}{161}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.3}Analyse dimentionnelle}{162}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.4}Les unit\IeC {\'e}s du Syst\IeC {\`e}me International}{163}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A.4.1}Exemple}{163}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.5}Conversions}{163}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.6}Sous-multiples}{164}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.7}Notation scientifique}{164}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {A.8}R\IeC {\`e}gles de calcul}{165}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {B}Deux syst\IeC {\`e}mes de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es}{167}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.1}Le syst\IeC {\`e}me de coordonn\IeC {\'e}es circulaires}{167}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.1.1}Introduction}{167}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.1.2}Description}{167}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {B.2}Coordonn\IeC {\'e}es sph\IeC {\'e}riques}{167}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.2.1}Introduction}{167}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.2.2}Description}{167}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B.2.3}Latitude et longitude}{168}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {C}Mesures de distances}{169}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.1}La taille de la Terre}{169}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C.1.1}Le principe}{169}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C.1.2}Techniquement}{170}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.2}La taille de la Lune}{171}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.3}La distance Terre-Lune}{171}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.4}La distance Terre-Soleil}{172}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {C.5}La distance des \IeC {\'e}toiles}{174}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {D}Travaux pratiques}{175}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.1}Le rapport de laboratoire}{175}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.1.1}Plan d'un rapport de travail pratique}{176}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Pr\IeC {\'e}liminaires}{176}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{R\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{176}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{But}{176}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Th\IeC {\'e}orie}{176}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Description de l'exp\IeC {\'e}rience}{176}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{R\IeC {\'e}sultats}{176}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Discussion}{178}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Conclusion}{178}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{Annexes}{178}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.2}La n\IeC {\'e}buleuse du Crabe}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.1}Introduction}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.2}But du travail pratique}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.3}Dispositif exp\IeC {\'e}rimental}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.4}Mesures}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.5}R\IeC {\'e}sultats}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.2.6}Analyse}{179}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.3}Le pendule simple}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.3.1}Les mesures}{179}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.3.2}Organisation des donn\IeC {\'e}es et graphiques}{180}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.4}Mouvement simple : MRU}{180}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.4.1}Les mesures}{180}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.4.2}Organisation des donn\IeC {\'e}es et graphiques}{180}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.4.3}Analyse des r\IeC {\'e}sultats}{180}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.5}Mouvement simple :\\MRUA}{180}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.1}But}{180}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.2}Th\IeC {\'e}orie}{181}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.3}Les mesures}{181}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.4}Organisation des donn\IeC {\'e}es et graphiques}{181}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.5.5}Galil\IeC {\'e}e et le plan inclin\IeC {\'e}}{181}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.6}La chute libre}{181}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.6.1}Cette exp\IeC {\'e}rience donnant lieu \IeC {\`a} un rapport not\IeC {\'e}, elle n'est pas d\IeC {\'e}crite.}{181}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D.6.2}R\IeC {\'e}sultats}{181}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.7}Le canon horizontal}{181}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {D.8}Le chariot \IeC {\`a} masse pendante}{182}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {E}Rotations}{183}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.1}Rotation de la Terre sur elle-m\IeC {\^e}me}{183}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.2}Rotation de la Terre autour du Soleil}{183}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.3}Rotation du Soleil dans la Voie Lact\IeC {\'e}e}{185}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {E.4}Vitesse et r\IeC {\'e}f\IeC {\'e}rentiel}{185}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {F}MRUA d\IeC {\'e}veloppements}{187}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {F.1}La position}{187}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {F.2}Une autre relation bien pratique}{187}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {F.2.1}Cin\IeC {\'e}matique}{187}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {F.2.2}\IeC {\'E}nergie}{188}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {G}Chute de la Lune}{189}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {G.1}Introduction}{189}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {G.2}Acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration}{189}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {G.3}Force de gravitation}{190}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {H}Satellite en orbite g\IeC {\'e}ostationnaire}{191}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.1}Introduction}{191}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.2}Th\IeC {\'e}oriquement}{191}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.3}Num\IeC {\'e}riquement}{192}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {H.4}Loi de Kepler}{192}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {I}Relativit\IeC {\'e}}{193}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.1}Relativit\IeC {\'e} galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{193}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.2}Transformation galil\IeC {\'e}enne}{194}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.3}Invariance}{195}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I.4}Forces inertielles}{195}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {I.4.1}Force d'inertie}{195}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {I.4.2}Force centrifuge}{196}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {J}Mar\IeC {\'e}es}{199}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.1}Introduction}{199}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.2}Centre de gravit\IeC {\'e}}{199}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.3}Force d'inertie}{200}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.3.1}Vitesse angulaire}{200}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.3.2}Force d'inertie}{200}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.4}Poids relatif}{201}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.5}Analyse diff\IeC {\'e}rentielle}{201}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.6}Autres rythmes}{201}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.1}D\IeC {\'e}calages}{202}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.2}Mar\IeC {\'e}es de vives et mortes eaux}{202}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.3}Mar\IeC {\'e}es d'\IeC {\'e}quinoxes}{202}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.4}Mar\IeC {\'e}es de p\IeC {\'e}rig\IeC {\'e}e et p\IeC {\'e}rih\IeC {\'e}lie}{203}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.5}Mar\IeC {\'e}es de d\IeC {\'e}clinaison}{203}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.6.6}Retards et mar\IeC {\'e}es c\IeC {\^o}ti\IeC {\`e}res}{203}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {J.7}Limite de Roche}{203}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.7.1}Mod\IeC {\`e}le simplifi\IeC {\'e}}{204}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J.7.2}Exemples}{205}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {K}\IeC {\'E}nergies}{207}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.1}Introduction}{207}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.2}\IeC {\'E}nergie hydraulique}{207}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.3}\IeC {\'E}nergie \IeC {\'e}olienne}{208}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {K.3.1}R\IeC {\`e}gle de Betz}{208}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {K.3.2}\IeC {\'E}oliennes}{209}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}olienne de Collonges-Dor\IeC {\'e}naz}{209}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}oliennes du Mont Soleil (Jura suisse)}{209}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.4}G\IeC {\'e}othermie}{209}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {K.5}\IeC {\'E}nergie de combustion des d\IeC {\'e}chets}{210}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {L}Exercices}{211}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {L.1}Probl\IeC {\`e}mes}{211}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.1}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la conversion d'unit\IeC {\'e}s et \IeC {\`a} la notation scientifique}{211}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.2}Relatifs aux notions de d\IeC {\'e}placement, position et distance parcourue}{212}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.3}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la notion de vitesse}{212}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.4}Relatif \IeC {\`a} la notion d'acc\IeC {\'e}l\IeC {\'e}ration}{212}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.5}Relatif au MRU}{213}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.6}Relatif au MRUA}{213}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.7}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la physique aristot\IeC {\'e}licienne}{214}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.8}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la physique newtonienne}{214}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.9}Relatifs aux forces}{217}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.10}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{218}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.11}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} la conservation de l'\IeC {\'e}nergie}{219}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.12}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie hydraulique}{219}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.13}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie \IeC {\'e}olienne}{219}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {L.1.14}Relatifs \IeC {\`a} l'\IeC {\'e}nergie solaire}{219}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {L.2}Solutions}{220}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {L.3}Solutions OS}{236}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {M}Ordre de grandeur, erreur et incertitudes}{247}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {M.1}Ordre de grandeur}{247}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.1.1}Chiffres significatifs}{247}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.1.2}Ordre de grandeur}{247}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {M.2}\IeC {\'E}cart et erreur}{248}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {M.3}Incertitude}{250}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.1}Addition/soustraction}{251}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.2}Multiplication par un entier}{251}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.3}Multiplication/division}{251}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.4}Puissance}{252}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.5}R\IeC {\'e}sum\IeC {\'e}}{252}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {M.3.6}Exemples}{253}
diff --git a/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.aux b/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.aux
index 53c7cbe..9e5a0d1 100644
--- a/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.aux
+++ b/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.aux
@@ -52,10 +52,13 @@
 \newlabel{fderiveenpot}{{8.16}{126}}
 \newlabel{enpotvsf}{{8.17}{126}}
 \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\IeC {\'E}nergie gravifique}{126}}
-\newlabel{enpotgrav}{{8.18}{126}}
+\newlabel{forcedegravitation}{{8.18}{126}}
+\newlabel{enpotgrav}{{8.19}{126}}
+\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8.7}{\ignorespaces Force et \IeC {\'e}nergie potentielle de gravitation entre la Terre et le Soleil\relax }}{127}}
+\newlabel{forceetenpotST}{{8.7}{127}}
 \@setckpt{EnergieOS/EnergieOS}{
-\setcounter{page}{127}
-\setcounter{equation}{18}
+\setcounter{page}{128}
+\setcounter{equation}{19}
 \setcounter{enumi}{2}
 \setcounter{enumii}{0}
 \setcounter{enumiii}{0}
@@ -69,12 +72,12 @@
 \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}
 \setcounter{paragraph}{0}
 \setcounter{subparagraph}{0}
-\setcounter{figure}{6}
+\setcounter{figure}{7}
 \setcounter{table}{0}
 \setcounter{parentequation}{0}
 \setcounter{FancyVerbLine}{0}
 \setcounter{float@type}{8}
-\setcounter{fignum}{0}
+\setcounter{fignum}{1}
 \setcounter{r@tfl@t}{3}
 \setcounter{subfigure}{0}
 \setcounter{lofdepth}{1}
diff --git a/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex b/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex
index d33441c..530f697 100644
--- a/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex
+++ b/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ F=-\frac{d}{dx}E_{pot}
 On dira donc que la force dérive au signe près de l'énergie potentielle. Attention, la dérivée porte sur la variable d'espace et non le temps.
 
 \smallskip
-On peut aussi écrire inversément~:
+On peut aussi écrire inversement~:
 \[\Delta E_{pot}=-A=-\int_{A}^{B} F\cdot dx\]
 ou même, vectoriellement~:
 \begin{center}
@@ -440,7 +440,9 @@ Cette équation permettant de déterminer par intégration l'énergie potentiell
 
 \subsubsection{Énergie gravifique}
 Considérons donc l'expression de la force de gravitation~:
-\[F=G\cdot\frac{M\cdot m}{r^2}\]
+\begin{equation}\label{forcedegravitation}
+F=G\cdot\frac{M\cdot m}{r^2}
+\end{equation}
 Il s'agit d'une force centrale, c'est-à-dire qui pointe toujours vers un point central. Le travail, comme projection du vecteur déplacement infinitésimal \(\Delta\overrightarrow{r}\) sur le vecteur force \(\overrightarrow{F}\), peut donc être étudié selon une droite radiale passant pas le point central. Mathématiquement, on a donc~:
 \begin{align*}
 A&=\int_{A}^{B} \overrightarrow{F}\cdot \overrightarrow{ds}=\int_{A}^{B} F\cdot dr\\
@@ -450,13 +452,66 @@ A&=\int_{A}^{B} \overrightarrow{F}\cdot \overrightarrow{ds}=\int_{A}^{B} F\cdot
 &=-G\cdot M\cdot m\cdot (\frac{1}{r_{B}}-\frac{1}{r_{A}})\\
 &=-(G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{B}}-G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{A}})
 \end{align*}
-On voit clairement que le travail ne dépend que des points A et B et que l'énergie potentielle en ces points prend la forme~:
-\begin{equation}\label{enpotgrav}
-\fbox{$\displaystyle E_{pot\,grav}=G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r}$}
-\end{equation}
 Ce qui permet comme précédemment de ré-écrire le travail en fonction de l'énergie potentielle~:
 \begin{align*}
 A&=-(G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{B}}-G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{A}})\\
 &=-(E_{pot\,grav}(B)-E_{pot\,grav}(A))\\
 &=-\Delta E_{pot\,grav}
-\end{align*}
\ No newline at end of file
+\end{align*}
+On voit clairement que le travail ne dépend que des points A et B. Mais, contrairement à la forme de l'énergie potentielle issue du poids ou celle correspondant à la force d'un ressort, pour lesquelles le zéro de l'énergie correspond à l'origine de l'axe, on voit ici qu'à une distance nulle l'énergie devient infinie.
+
+\smallskip
+Se pose donc le problème du choix du zéro de l'énergie\index{zero@zéro!de l'énergie potentielle} potentielle. Pour les deux forces évoquées ci-dessus, il semble évident pour la première qu'en remontant le champ de gravitation, l'énergie potentielle augmente et pour la seconde qu'elle le fait en s'éloignant de la position de repos du ressort.
+
+Pour la force de gravitation, la forme de l'énergie potentielle implique qu'elle ne peut être nulle qu'à l'infini. Pour que celle-ci augmente en fonction de la distance, elle ne peut être positive. On doit donc choisir la forme suivante~:
+\begin{equation}\label{enpotgrav}
+\fbox{$\displaystyle E_{pot\,grav}=-G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r}$}
+\end{equation}
+Ainsi, l'énergie potentielle augmente, c'est-à-dire devient de moins en moins négative, en s'éloignant de l'origine et s'annule à l'infini.
+
+\medskip
+Considérons la force de gravitation donnée par l'équation \ref{forcedegravitation} et l'énergie potentielle correspondante donne par l'équation \ref{enpotgrav} d'un point de vue graphique. La force de gravitation a été affectée d'un signe négatif pour signifier qu'elle est attractive et s'exerce dans le sens contraire de l'axe. Elle est inversement proportionnelle au carré de la distance, alors que l'énergie potentielle est elle inversement proportionnelle à la distance. Le graphe \ref{forceetenpotST} résente la force et l'énergie potentielle de la Terre dans le champ de gravitation du Soleil.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\caption{Force et énergie potentielle de\\gravitation entre la Terre et le Soleil}\label{forceetenpotST}
+\begin{gnuplot}[terminal=latex,terminaloptions=rotate,scale=0.6]
+		# domaine de définition
+        #set xrange [0:1E11]
+        #set yrange [-1E40:1E40]
+        set xrange [0:5]
+        set yrange [-1E46:1E45]
+        # flèches
+        #set arrow 1 from 39.7,120 to 39.7,0 head filled
+        #size screen 0.5,30
+        #set label "Écart type" at 39.4,100 rotate by 90
+        #set arrow 2 from 44.1,120 to 44.1,0 head filled
+        #set label "Écart type" at 44.4,138 rotate by -90
+        #set arrow 3 from 41.9,120 to 41.9,0 head filled
+        #set label "Moyenne" at 42.2,80 rotate by -90
+        #set grid
+        #set title "Baguettes d'une année"
+        # suppression de la légende
+        #set key off
+        set key right bottom
+        # légendes des axes
+        set xlabel "Distance (m)"
+        #set ylabel "Gravitation" rotate by 90
+        # largeur des colonnes (boxes)
+        #set boxwidth 0.1
+        #set arrow from graph 1,0 to graph 1.05,0 size screen 0.025,15,60 filled ls 11
+		#set arrow from graph 0,1 to graph 0,1.05 size screen 0.025,15,60 filled ls 11
+		set xzeroaxis
+		G=6.67E-11
+		M=1.99E30
+		m=5.97E24
+		F(x)=-G*M*m/x**2
+		E(x)=-G*M*m/x   
+        # tracé du graphe
+        plot E(x) title "Énergie potentielle (J)", F(x) title "Force de gravitation (N)"
+\end{gnuplot}
+\end{figure}
+
+L'étude des propriété de la fonction d'énergie potentielle sera un élément très important pour comprendre les mouvements des objets soumis à différentes force.
+
+Plus généralement, nous reconsidérerons ce problème au chapitre \ref{physiquetheorique}.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex.bak b/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex.bak
index d33441c..530f697 100644
--- a/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex.bak
+++ b/EnergieOS/EnergieOS.tex.bak
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ F=-\frac{d}{dx}E_{pot}
 On dira donc que la force dérive au signe près de l'énergie potentielle. Attention, la dérivée porte sur la variable d'espace et non le temps.
 
 \smallskip
-On peut aussi écrire inversément~:
+On peut aussi écrire inversement~:
 \[\Delta E_{pot}=-A=-\int_{A}^{B} F\cdot dx\]
 ou même, vectoriellement~:
 \begin{center}
@@ -440,7 +440,9 @@ Cette équation permettant de déterminer par intégration l'énergie potentiell
 
 \subsubsection{Énergie gravifique}
 Considérons donc l'expression de la force de gravitation~:
-\[F=G\cdot\frac{M\cdot m}{r^2}\]
+\begin{equation}\label{forcedegravitation}
+F=G\cdot\frac{M\cdot m}{r^2}
+\end{equation}
 Il s'agit d'une force centrale, c'est-à-dire qui pointe toujours vers un point central. Le travail, comme projection du vecteur déplacement infinitésimal \(\Delta\overrightarrow{r}\) sur le vecteur force \(\overrightarrow{F}\), peut donc être étudié selon une droite radiale passant pas le point central. Mathématiquement, on a donc~:
 \begin{align*}
 A&=\int_{A}^{B} \overrightarrow{F}\cdot \overrightarrow{ds}=\int_{A}^{B} F\cdot dr\\
@@ -450,13 +452,66 @@ A&=\int_{A}^{B} \overrightarrow{F}\cdot \overrightarrow{ds}=\int_{A}^{B} F\cdot
 &=-G\cdot M\cdot m\cdot (\frac{1}{r_{B}}-\frac{1}{r_{A}})\\
 &=-(G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{B}}-G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{A}})
 \end{align*}
-On voit clairement que le travail ne dépend que des points A et B et que l'énergie potentielle en ces points prend la forme~:
-\begin{equation}\label{enpotgrav}
-\fbox{$\displaystyle E_{pot\,grav}=G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r}$}
-\end{equation}
 Ce qui permet comme précédemment de ré-écrire le travail en fonction de l'énergie potentielle~:
 \begin{align*}
 A&=-(G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{B}}-G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r_{A}})\\
 &=-(E_{pot\,grav}(B)-E_{pot\,grav}(A))\\
 &=-\Delta E_{pot\,grav}
-\end{align*}
\ No newline at end of file
+\end{align*}
+On voit clairement que le travail ne dépend que des points A et B. Mais, contrairement à la forme de l'énergie potentielle issue du poids ou celle correspondant à la force d'un ressort, pour lesquelles le zéro de l'énergie correspond à l'origine de l'axe, on voit ici qu'à une distance nulle l'énergie devient infinie.
+
+\smallskip
+Se pose donc le problème du choix du zéro de l'énergie\index{zero@zéro!de l'énergie potentielle} potentielle. Pour les deux forces évoquées ci-dessus, il semble évident pour la première qu'en remontant le champ de gravitation, l'énergie potentielle augmente et pour la seconde qu'elle le fait en s'éloignant de la position de repos du ressort.
+
+Pour la force de gravitation, la forme de l'énergie potentielle implique qu'elle ne peut être nulle qu'à l'infini. Pour que celle-ci augmente en fonction de la distance, elle ne peut être positive. On doit donc choisir la forme suivante~:
+\begin{equation}\label{enpotgrav}
+\fbox{$\displaystyle E_{pot\,grav}=-G\cdot \frac{M\cdot m}{r}$}
+\end{equation}
+Ainsi, l'énergie potentielle augmente, c'est-à-dire devient de moins en moins négative, en s'éloignant de l'origine et s'annule à l'infini.
+
+\medskip
+Considérons la force de gravitation donnée par l'équation \ref{forcedegravitation} et l'énergie potentielle correspondante donne par l'équation \ref{enpotgrav} d'un point de vue graphique. La force de gravitation a été affectée d'un signe négatif pour signifier qu'elle est attractive et s'exerce dans le sens contraire de l'axe. Elle est inversement proportionnelle au carré de la distance, alors que l'énergie potentielle est elle inversement proportionnelle à la distance. Le graphe \ref{forceetenpotST} résente la force et l'énergie potentielle de la Terre dans le champ de gravitation du Soleil.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\caption{Force et énergie potentielle de\\gravitation entre la Terre et le Soleil}\label{forceetenpotST}
+\begin{gnuplot}[terminal=latex,terminaloptions=rotate,scale=0.6]
+		# domaine de définition
+        #set xrange [0:1E11]
+        #set yrange [-1E40:1E40]
+        set xrange [0:5]
+        set yrange [-1E46:1E45]
+        # flèches
+        #set arrow 1 from 39.7,120 to 39.7,0 head filled
+        #size screen 0.5,30
+        #set label "Écart type" at 39.4,100 rotate by 90
+        #set arrow 2 from 44.1,120 to 44.1,0 head filled
+        #set label "Écart type" at 44.4,138 rotate by -90
+        #set arrow 3 from 41.9,120 to 41.9,0 head filled
+        #set label "Moyenne" at 42.2,80 rotate by -90
+        #set grid
+        #set title "Baguettes d'une année"
+        # suppression de la légende
+        #set key off
+        set key right bottom
+        # légendes des axes
+        set xlabel "Distance (m)"
+        #set ylabel "Gravitation" rotate by 90
+        # largeur des colonnes (boxes)
+        #set boxwidth 0.1
+        #set arrow from graph 1,0 to graph 1.05,0 size screen 0.025,15,60 filled ls 11
+		#set arrow from graph 0,1 to graph 0,1.05 size screen 0.025,15,60 filled ls 11
+		set xzeroaxis
+		G=6.67E-11
+		M=1.99E30
+		m=5.97E24
+		F(x)=-G*M*m/x**2
+		E(x)=-G*M*m/x   
+        # tracé du graphe
+        plot E(x) title "Énergie potentielle (J)", F(x) title "Force de gravitation (N)"
+\end{gnuplot}
+\end{figure}
+
+L'étude des propriété de la fonction d'énergie potentielle sera un élément très important pour comprendre les mouvements des objets soumis à différentes force.
+
+Plus généralement, nous reconsidérerons ce problème au chapitre \ref{physiquetheorique}.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.aux b/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.aux
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e47e91f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.aux
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+\relax 
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+\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }}
+\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }}
+\newlabel{physiquetheorique}{{9}{129}}
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+\setcounter{lstlisting}{0}
+}
diff --git a/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.tex b/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d8a021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+\chapter{Physique théorique\index{physique@physique!théorique}}\label{physiquetheorique}
+%\minitoc
+
+\section{Introduction}
+Ce chapitre constitue une introduction à la physique théorique.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.tex.bak b/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.tex.bak
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d8a021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/PhysiqueTheorique/PhysiqueTheorique.tex.bak
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+\chapter{Physique théorique\index{physique@physique!théorique}}\label{physiquetheorique}
+%\minitoc
+
+\section{Introduction}
+Ce chapitre constitue une introduction à la physique théorique.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Thermodynamique/Thermodynamique.aux b/Thermodynamique/Thermodynamique.aux
index 4647ba3..523bc5c 100644
--- a/Thermodynamique/Thermodynamique.aux
+++ b/Thermodynamique/Thermodynamique.aux
@@ -1,43 +1,43 @@
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