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Ajout des mesures faites à Pouillerel

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Guyot 2020-10-30 12:44:23 +01:00
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geographie-informatique.tex
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@ -1666,7 +1666,30 @@ Enfin, la figure \ref{figure:gpsmesurescentre} montre deux point dont le positio
\medskip
La raison pour laquelle Phyphox s'en sort relativement bien semble être due au fait que dans les trois cas, la mesure effectuée avec lui a duré 300 secondes, soit cinq minutes, alors que pour les autres mesures, celles-ci ont duré moins de trente secondes.
On peut comprendre cela en regardant les graphes de l'évolution des mesures faites avec Phyphox \dots
On peut comprendre cela en regardant les graphes de l'évolution des mesures faites avec Phyphox. La figure \ref{figure:zonejeuparcgallet} présente l'évolution des mesures GPS de latitude et longitude derrière la zone de jeu principale du parc Gallet.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{images/KiosqueAMusiqueParcGalletSimple.eps}
\caption{Positionnement au parc Gallet.}
\label{figure:zonejeuparcgallet}
\end{figure}
On voit que le facteur temps est très important pour obtenir une bonne mesure GPS. Il s'agit du point le plus à gauche visible sur la figure \ref{figure:gpsmesurescentre}.
\medskip
Le problème du positionnement d'une référence de positionnement de la carte est donc posé en même temps que celui de la précision du GPS. Pour tenter d'obtenir une première réponse à ces deux questions, il faut en premier lieu une référence géographique incontestable. Dans la région du parc Gallet, celle-ci a été trouvée au plus haut point aux alentours de la Chaux-de-Fonds, soit sur la colline de Pouillerel où se trouve une borne cadastrale. En plaçant le smartphone sur celle-ci, juste sur la borne et au-dessous de la pointe maquant le sommet, une mesure de cinq minutes a été réalisée avec Phyphox. Le résultat est présenté à la figure \ref{figure:pouillerel}. L'échelle est la plus petite possible sur OSM et on voit que l'écart entre la mesure et la position du sommet est très faible (pour autant que le calage de la carte sur la borne soit très précis).
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{images/Pouillerel.eps}
\caption{Positionnement sur la borne de Pouillerel}
\label{figure:pouillerel}
\end{figure}
Les mesures relatives à ce positionnement sont présentées à la figure \ref{figure:pouillerelgraphe}. On constate qu'il faut bien une minute avant que celles-ci ne soient stables et de bonne qualité. Il faut relever que celles-ci ont été obtenues avec un ciel très dégagé, sans aucun arbres à proximité, contrairement aux mesures effectuées au parc Gallet.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{images/PouillerelGraphe.eps}
\caption{Mesures GPS à Pouillerel}
\label{figure:pouillerelgraphe}
\end{figure}
\section{Imagerie satellitaire}
Cette section est une introduction à l'imagerie satellitaire. QGis est au centre de cette découverte qui a pour objectif de présenter ses possibilités de superposition d'information météorologique, océanographiques, \dots{} On peut ainsi imaginer faire travailler des élèves sur différentes situations météorologiques pour leur permettre d'apprendre à lire des cartes météo ou leur faire découvrir les fond océaniques pour étudier les plaques tectoniques.

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